The GRE Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) is often the first section you’ll encounter on the GRE General Test. While sometimes overlooked compared to the Quantitative and Verbal sections, a strong AWA score demonstrates critical thinking and writing skills highly valued in graduate programs. Since the GRE update, you now only face one task: “Analyze an Issue.” Let’s dive deep into mastering this 30-minute challenge.
Understanding the “Analyze an Issue” Task
The “Analyze an Issue” task presents you with a brief statement expressing an opinion on a topic of general interest. Your goal is to evaluate the issue, consider its complexities, develop your own position, and support it with logical reasoning and relevant examples.
What ETS Looks For:
- Clear articulation of a complex position.
- Logical development and coherence of ideas.
- Strong supporting reasons and compelling examples.
- Control of standard written English (grammar, usage, mechanics), though minor errors are acceptable if clarity isn’t impeded.
- Skillful use of sentence structure and vocabulary.
You are NOT being judged on:
- Whether the graders agree with your position. There is no “correct” stance.
- Specific subject matter knowledge (the topics are general).
The AWA Scoring Rubric (0-6 Scale)
Your essay is scored holistically on a 0-6 scale (using half-point increments) by at least one trained human reader and the ETS e-rater® automated scoring engine. Understanding the scoring levels is crucial for knowing what to aim for:
- Score 6 (Outstanding): Insightful analysis, compelling reasoning, well-chosen examples, clear organization, superior control of language.
- Score 5 (Strong): Thoughtful analysis, generally strong reasoning and examples, clear organization, good control of language.
- Score 4 (Adequate): Competent analysis, adequate reasoning and examples, generally organized, adequate control of language.
- Score 3 (Limited): Some analysis but may be unclear or limited, weak reasoning/examples, potential issues with organization/coherence, problems with language control.
- Score 2 (Seriously Flawed): Significant weaknesses in analysis, reasoning, organization, and language control.
- Score 1 (Fundamentally Deficient): Little evidence of ability to analyze or develop a response; severe issues with language.
- Score 0 (Off-topic/Illegible): Essay doesn’t address the prompt or is unreadable.
Aiming for a score of 4.0 or higher is generally advisable, though specific program expectations can vary.
Strategies for Acing the “Analyze an Issue” Task
Given the 30-minute time limit, a structured approach is vital.
1. Deconstruct the Prompt (2-3 minutes):
- Identify the Core Issue: What is the central tension or claim being made?
- Recognize Nuance: Issues are rarely black and white. Identify underlying assumptions, potential complexities, or different perspectives.
- Brainstorm Your Position: Decide on your stance. Will you fully agree, fully disagree, or take a qualified position (agreeing with caveats or under certain conditions)? A nuanced position often leads to a more sophisticated essay.
- Gather Initial Ideas: Jot down potential reasons and examples (from history, current events, personal experience, literature, etc.) that support your position.
2. Outline Your Essay (3-5 minutes):
A simple, clear structure works best:
- Introduction: Briefly introduce the issue; State your thesis; Preview main points.
- Body Paragraph 1: Topic Sentence (Reason 1); Explanation; Specific Example; Link to thesis.
- Body Paragraph 2 (and 3, if time permits): Repeat structure for Reason 2/3. Optional: Address/refute counterargument.
- Conclusion: Restate thesis; Summarize main points; Final thought.
3. Write Your Essay (20-22 minutes):
- Focus on Clarity: Use clear, precise language.
- Develop Your Points: Explain reasons thoroughly; use specific, relevant examples.
- Use Transitions: Ensure smooth flow between sentences and paragraphs.
- Vary Sentence Structure: Keep writing engaging.
- Stay Focused: Ensure every paragraph supports your thesis.
4. Proofread (2-3 minutes):
- Quickly scan for obvious errors (grammar, spelling, punctuation).
- Check for clarity and support for main points.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
- Not taking a clear position.
- Using vague examples.
- Poor organization or flow.
- Ignoring nuance (black-and-white thinking).
- Running out of time.
- Writing off-topic.
Preparation Tips
- Review Official Prompts: Familiarize yourself with the types of issues on the ETS website.
- Practice Outlining: Regularly practice brainstorming and outlining within 5-8 minutes.
- Write Full Practice Essays: Write complete essays under the 30-minute time limit. Use POWERPREP tests.
- Study Sample Essays: Review ETS samples to understand scoring benchmarks.
- Brush Up on Grammar: Review basic grammar and usage rules if needed.
Key Takeaways
- Task: Analyze an issue, develop a clear position, and support it with reasons/examples in 30 minutes.
- Scoring: Holistic 0-6 scale; focuses on analysis, reasoning, organization, and language control.
- Strategy: Deconstruct prompt -> Outline -> Write -> Proofread.
- Keys to Success: Clear thesis, specific examples, logical organization, strong transitions, time management.
- Practice: Review official prompts, practice outlining and writing full essays under timed conditions.
Conclusion
The GRE Analytical Writing Assesment (AWA) “Analyze an Issue” task is your chance to showcase critical thinking and writing prowess. By understanding the task, mastering the structured approach, and practicing consistently, you can craft a compelling essay and achieve a strong score.
You might also find helpful: Start Your GRE Prep (2025): Read the Complete Guide.
